1. 系统更新与依赖安装

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y
sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common

2. 导入阿里云 Docker GPG 密钥

sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor --yes -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

3. 添加阿里云 Docker 软件源

echo “deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable” | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

4. 安装 Docker

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

5. 启动并设置开机自启

sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker

6. 配置国内镜像加速

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-‘EOF’
{
“registry-mirrors”: [
“https://docker.m.daocloud.io”,
“https://hub-mirror.c.163.com”,
“https://mirror.baidubce.com”,
“https://docker.1panel.live”
]
}
EOF

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

7. 配置非 root 用户免 sudo

sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

执行后必须注销重新登录，或重启系统

8. 验证安装

docker --version
docker info
docker run hello-world
systemctl is-enabled docker
groups