Airbnb Says Guests Shouldn’t Have to Do the Cleaner’s Job
退房还要当保洁?Airbnb说不用了
| 项目 | 信息 |
|---|---|
| 来源 | 扇贝阅读 · 时文 |
| 难度标签 | 高考 |
| 全文词数 | 387 词 |
| 主题 | 商业政策 · 消费权益 · 共享经济 |
文章导读
在爱彼迎订民宿,退房时被要求洗碗、拆床单、启动洗衣机、把垃圾提走,是不少旅客的共同经历——尤其当订单里还单列了一笔"清洁费"时,这种要求格外刺眼。2026 年 11 月,爱彼迎出台新规:自 11 月 20 日及之后预订的房源,房东一般不得再要求房客承担耗时耗力、或本应由清洁工完成的活儿。但政策也留了口子:简单要求(如把餐具放进水槽、关空调)仍可提出,特殊地区(有熊出没、遭受干旱)可申请例外,且所有规则必须写进房源页面的指定板块,不得事后私信追加。阅读提示:本篇为高考难度短文,句式平实,重点在政策类文本的常见表达(apply to / require sb. to do / place limits on)。文中加粗的高频词见文末词汇表。
一、正文精读(英中对照)
第 1 段:退房像做家务
Checking out of a vacation rental can sometimes feel like doing a final round of housework.
译文:从度假短租房退房时,有时感觉像是又做了一轮家务。
翻译要点
check out of意为"办理退房、结账离开",check out单独使用时还有"查看、核实"之义。a final round of中round指"一轮、一趟",如a round of talks(一轮会谈)。feel like doing sth.意为"感觉像在做某事",与feel like sth.(想要某物)区分。
第 2 段:旅客被要求做的事
Guests may be told to wash and put away the dishes, remove the sheets, start the washing machine, or carry bags of trash away from the property. These requests can be especially frustrating when the booking also includes a cleaning fee.
译文:房客可能被要求洗碗并把餐具收好、拆下床单、启动洗衣机,或者把一袋袋垃圾提出房源。当订单本身还包含一笔清洁费时,这些要求尤其令人恼火。
翻译要点
be told to do为被动结构"被要求做",比be asked to语气更强,暗示"被告知、被安排"。put away是"收起来、放回原处",与put off(推迟)、put up(搭建、忍受)构成易混词组。carry...away from the property中away from强调"离开、带离",property在民宿语境下指"房源、房产"。cleaning fee为固定说法"清洁费",注意fee(服务费)与fare(交通费)、charge(收费)的区别。
第 3 段:平台出手设限
Airbnb is now placing limits on such checkout chores.
译文:爱彼迎现在开始对这类退房家务设限。
翻译要点
place limits on sth.为固定搭配"对……设定限制",同义表达set / impose limits on。chore指"(日常)杂务、家务活",通常为可数名词,常用复数,比housework(不可数)更强调"一件件的活"。
第 4 段:新规内容
A new policy will apply to reservations booked on or after November 20, 2026. Under the rules, hosts generally cannot ask guests to complete tasks that take significant time or effort or would normally be handled by a cleaner.
译文:一项新政策将适用于 2026 年 11 月 20 日及之后预订的房源。根据规定,房东一般不得要求房客完成耗时耗力、或通常由清洁工处理的任务。
翻译要点
apply to意为"适用于",主语通常是"规则、政策、法律",是政策类文本的高频搭配。on or after为法律文本常见表述"在……当日或之后",翻译时须保留这一边界含义。booked为过去分词作后置定语修饰reservations,等于reservations that are booked。- 定语从句
that take significant time or effort or would normally be handled by a cleaner中,or...or...连接两个并列谓语,第二个would前省略了that。
第 5 段:明确列为"不该做"的事
That means hosts should not require guests to strip the beds, start a load of laundry, wash and put away dishes, or take garbage away from the property.
译文:也就是说,房东不应要求房客拆床单、洗一桶衣服、洗碗收碗,或者把垃圾带出房源。
翻译要点
require sb. to do sth.意为"要求某人做某事",语气正式;require doing则表示"需要被……"(主动表被动)。strip the beds指"拆下床单被套",strip本义"剥去",此处为生活化用法。a load of laundry是固定说法"一桶(待洗的)衣物",laundry为不可数名词。
第 6 段:政策不是"免责"
However, the new policy does not mean guests can leave a home in any condition they like.
译文:不过,新政策并不意味着房客可以随意把房子弄成什么样再走。
翻译要点
in any condition they like中they like为省略关系词的定语从句修饰condition;in...condition意为"处于……状态"。does not mean后接省略that的宾语从句,是政策解读中"划定边界"的常用句式。
第 7 段:仍可提出的简单要求
Hosts can still make simple requests.
译文:房东仍然可以提出简单的要求。
第 8 段:哪些算"简单"
They may ask guests to place used dishes in the sink, gather dirty towels, separate trash from recycling, turn off the air conditioning, or lock the property before leaving.
译文:他们可以请房客把用过的餐具放进水槽、把脏毛巾集中起来、把垃圾和可回收物分开、关掉空调,或者在离开前锁好门窗。
翻译要点
separate A from B意为"把 A 与 B 分开",注意介词是from而非with。- 五个并列不定式共用
ask guests to,中文宜用顿号并列,保持紧凑节奏。 recycling此处为名词,指"可回收物",而非"回收行为"。
第 9 段:例外情形
Airbnb may also allow exceptions when a request makes sense because of local conditions. For example, a host in an area with bears may ask guests to place trash in an animal-proof container. In a place affected by drought, a host may ask visitors to limit their water use.
译文:当某项要求因当地情况而合理时,爱彼迎也可能允许例外。例如,在有熊出没地区的房东可以请房客把垃圾放进防动物容器;在受干旱影响的地方,房东可以请客人限制用水。
翻译要点
make sense意为"讲得通、合理",是口语与书面语通用表达。animal-proof为"名词 + -proof"构成的复合形容词,意为"防……的",如waterproof(防水)、fireproof(防火)。a place affected by drought中affected by...为过去分词短语作后置定语,等于定语从句的省略形式。limit their water use中limit为动词"限制",与第 3 段place limits on的名词形式形成同源呼应。
第 10 段:规则必须"前置"
The company is also changing how house rules are presented. Hosts must include all rules and requests in a designated section of the listing so guests can see them before booking. They cannot add new requirements later through private messages, signs inside the home, or less visible parts of the listing.
译文:这家公司也在改变房屋规则的呈现方式。房东必须把所有规则和要求写进房源页面中一个指定板块,让房客在预订前就能看到。他们不能事后通过私信、屋内标牌,或房源页面上不显眼的位置追加新要求。
翻译要点
how house rules are presented为how引导的宾语从句,同时本身是被动语态,译为"规则如何被呈现"。so guests can see them为目的状语从句,可译作"以便、让……"。less visible parts用比较级而非否定,语气更含蓄,译为"不那么显眼的位置"比"看不见的地方"更准确。
第 11 段:平台的商业动机
Airbnb said most travelers want to avoid unexpected chores. Asking guests to do work normally handled by a cleaner can damage their experience and lead to worse reviews.
译文:爱彼迎表示,大多数旅客都希望避免意料之外的家务。让房客去做通常由清洁工干的活,会损害他们的体验,并导致评价变差。
翻译要点
Asking guests to do work...为动名词短语作主语,谓语用单数can damage,注意主谓一致。normally handled by a cleaner为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰work。lead to意为"导致",后接名词或动名词,是因果表达的高频搭配。
第 12 段:房东的顾虑与房客的抱怨
Some hosts worry that the rules may make it harder to protect their homes or prepare them for the next visitor. But for guests, the change answers a long-running complaint: Why pay to stay somewhere, sometimes pay a cleaning fee, and still receive a list of cleaning jobs before leaving?
译文:一些房东担心,这些规定会让他们更难保护自己的房子,或为下一位客人做好准备。但对房客而言,这一变化回应了一个长期存在的抱怨:为什么要付钱住店、有时还要付一笔清洁费,临走前却仍要收到一张清洁清单?
翻译要点
make it harder to do sth.中it为形式宾语,真正宾语是后面的不定式,是英语常用句型。answers a complaint中answer意为"回应、答复(质疑)“,不译作"回答”。- 冒号后的疑问句是修辞性反问(rhetorical question),本身不需要回答,翻译时保留问号即可传达讽刺语气。
long-running意为"长期存在的、持续已久的",常用于long-running dispute / complaint。
第 13 段(结尾):划一条更清晰的线
The new policy draws a clearer line. Guests should treat a home with care, but they should not have to become its cleaning crew.
译文:新政策划出了一条更清晰的界线:房客应当爱惜房子,但不必充当它的清洁队。
翻译要点
draw a line意为"划界、划定底线",draw a clearer line是政策评论中的常见隐喻。treat sth. with care意为"小心对待某物",介词固定用with。should not have to表示"不必、没有义务",与should not(不应该)语气不同:前者强调"无义务",后者强调"禁止"。
二、核心词汇表
1. 四级 / 考研进阶词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 / 释义 | 常用搭配 |
|---|---|---|---|
| policy | /ˈpɒləsi/ | n. 政策,方针 | carry out a policy 执行政策 |
| apply to | /əˈplaɪ tu/ | 适用于;向……申请 | The rule applies to all hosts. |
| reservation | /ˌrezəˈveɪʃn/ | n. 预订,预约 | make a reservation 预订 |
| significant | /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/ | adj. 重大的,显著的 | a significant amount of time 大量时间 |
| require | /rɪˈkwaɪə®/ | v. 要求,需要 | require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 |
| condition | /kənˈdɪʃn/ | n. 状况,条件 | in good condition 状况良好 |
| exception | /ɪkˈsepʃn/ | n. 例外 | make an exception 破例 |
| designated | /ˈdezɪɡneɪtɪd/ | adj. 指定的 | a designated area 指定区域 |
| requirement | /rɪˈkwaɪəmənt/ | n. 要求,必要条件 | meet the requirements 满足要求 |
| visible | /ˈvɪzəbl/ | adj. 可见的,明显的 | clearly visible 清晰可见 |
| complaint | /kəmˈpleɪnt/ | n. 抱怨,投诉 | a long-running complaint 长期存在的抱怨 |
| damage | /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ | v./n. 损害,破坏 | damage one’s experience 损害体验 |
| drought | /draʊt/ | n. 干旱 | be affected by drought 受旱情影响 |
| gather | /ˈɡæðə®/ | v. 收集,聚集 | gather information 收集信息 |
| present | /prɪˈzent/ | v. 呈现,展示;提出 | present the rules clearly 清晰呈现规则 |
2. 高考高频核心词
| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 / 释义 | 常用搭配 |
|---|---|---|---|
| rental | /ˈrentl/ | n. 租赁物,出租房 | a vacation rental 度假短租房 |
| housework | /ˈhaʊswɜːk/ | n. 家务(不可数) | do the housework 做家务 |
| sheet | /ʃiːt/ | n. 床单;一张(纸) | change the sheets 换床单 |
| trash | /træʃ/ | n. 垃圾(美式) | take out the trash 倒垃圾 |
| property | /ˈprɒpəti/ | n. 房产,财产 | private property 私有财产 |
| request | /rɪˈkwest/ | n./v. 请求,要求 | make a request 提出请求 |
| frustrating | /frʌˈstreɪtɪŋ/ | adj. 令人沮丧的,令人恼火的 | a frustrating experience 令人恼火的经历 |
| booking | /ˈbʊkɪŋ/ | n. 预订 | cancel a booking 取消预订 |
| chore | /tʃɔː®/ | n. 日常杂务 | household chores 家务活 |
| host | /həʊst/ | n. 主人,房东;v. 主办 | the host of the listing 房源房东 |
| handle | /ˈhændl/ | v. 处理,应对 | handle a problem 处理问题 |
| laundry | /ˈlɔːndri/ | n. 待洗的衣物;洗衣店 | do the laundry 洗衣服 |
| garbage | /ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ/ | n. 垃圾 | garbage collection 垃圾清运 |
| sink | /sɪŋk/ | n. 水槽;v. 下沉 | in the sink 在水槽里 |
| separate | /ˈsepəreɪt/ | v. 分开;adj. 单独的 | separate A from B 把 A 与 B 分开 |
| recycling | /ˌriːˈsaɪklɪŋ/ | n. 回收利用;可回收物 | separate trash from recycling 垃圾分类 |
| container | /kənˈteɪnə®/ | n. 容器,集装箱 | a plastic container 塑料容器 |
| limit | /ˈlɪmɪt/ | v./n. 限制,界限 | place limits on 对……设限 |
| unexpected | /ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/ | adj. 意料之外的 | unexpected costs 意外开支 |
| review | /rɪˈvjuː/ | n. 评价,评论;v. 回顾 | worse reviews 更差的评价 |
| crew | /kruː/ | n. 全体工作人员,队 | a cleaning crew 清洁队 |
3. 高频短语 / 固定搭配
| 短语 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| check out (of) | 办理退房,结账离开 | Check out before 11 a.m. |
| put away | 收好,放回原处 | Put away the dishes. |
| place limits on | 对……设置限制 | Airbnb places limits on chores. |
| apply to | 适用于 | The policy applies to new bookings. |
| on or after | 在……当日或之后 | Bookings on or after Nov. 20. |
| make sense | 讲得通,合理 | The exception makes sense locally. |
| lead to | 导致 | Chores lead to worse reviews. |
| draw a line | 划清界限 | The policy draws a clearer line. |
| treat sth. with care | 小心对待 | Guests should treat a home with care. |
| animal-proof | 防动物的(-proof 后缀) | an animal-proof container |
| strip the beds | 拆下床单被套 | Guests no longer strip the beds. |
| place used dishes in the sink | 把用过的餐具放进水槽 | A simple request hosts may still make. |
三、长难句解析
1. Under the rules, hosts generally cannot ask guests to complete tasks that take significant time or effort or would normally be handled by a cleaner.
- 主干:
hosts cannot ask guests to complete tasks,ask sb. to do sth.为复合宾语结构。 - 定语从句:
that take significant time or effort or would normally be handled by a cleaner修饰tasks,从句内部由or连接两个并列谓语take与would be handled(第二个谓语前省略了关系词that)。 - 状语:
Under the rules为介词短语作状语,意为"根据规定"。 - 译文:根据规定,房东一般不得要求房客完成耗时耗力、或通常由清洁工处理的任务。
2. Hosts must include all rules and requests in a designated section of the listing so guests can see them before booking.
- 主干:
Hosts must include all rules and requests in a designated section。 - 目的状语从句:
so (that) guests can see them before booking,so后省略that,口语化但正式文本中亦常见。 - 后置定语:
of the listing修饰section;designated为过去分词作前置定语,意为"指定的"。 - 译文:房东必须把所有规则和要求写进房源页面中一个指定板块,让房客在预订前就能看到。
3. But for guests, the change answers a long-running complaint: Why pay to stay somewhere, sometimes pay a cleaning fee, and still receive a list of cleaning jobs before leaving?
- 主干:
the change answers a long-running complaint。 - 冒号后的成分:为
complaint的同位语,以反问形式展开,三个并列谓语pay、pay、receive共用主语you(隐含)。 - 修辞:反问句(rhetorical question)不需要回答,用于表达强烈不满,与全篇冷静的政策叙述形成对比。
- 译文:但对房客而言,这一变化回应了一个长期存在的抱怨:为什么要付钱住店、有时还要付一笔清洁费,临走前却仍要收到一张清洁清单?
四、写作素材提炼
可迁移的观点句
X is now placing limits on Y.(描述监管动作的简洁句式)A new policy will apply to... Under the rules, ... generally cannot ...(政策类说明文的标准两连句)However, the new policy does not mean...(划定边界,防止过度解读,议论文常用转折)The new policy draws a clearer line: ... but ...("划界 + 让步"式收尾,适合评论类作文)
可迁移的论证逻辑
描述现象 → 引出新规 → 说明"允许"与"禁止"的边界 → 补充例外 → 交代动机 → 平衡双方立场 → 一句话收束
本文是说明性时文的典范:几乎不用形容词渲染,全靠"规定—例外—动机—评价"四层结构推进。这种写法在四六级、考研的图表说明与政策介绍类写作中可直接套用。
可迁移的表态句式
Some ... worry that ... But for others, the change answers a long-running complaint.(兼顾双方立场,避免一边倒)
五、一句话总结
你付的是住宿费,不是保洁费;新规的意义不是纵容脏乱,而是把"谁的活谁干"这条线画清楚。
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